Orthopedic issues in pets can significantly affect their quality of life, making even simple activities like walking, jumping, or playing painful. While not every pet with joint or bone problems requires surgery, some cases do benefit from surgical intervention. Understanding when surgery is the best option and recognizing key signs can help ensure your pet gets the care they need.
Common Conditions That May Require Orthopedic Surgery
Orthopedic surgery is typically recommended for pets experiencing severe joint, ligament, or bone issues. Some of the most common conditions include:
- Cruciate ligament injuries: A torn ACL (cranial cruciate ligament) is one of the most frequent orthopedic problems in dogs, causing instability and pain in the knee.
- Hip dysplasia: A genetic condition where the hip joint does not fit properly, leading to arthritis and reduced mobility.
- Patellar luxation: A condition where the kneecap moves out of place, causing discomfort and difficulty walking.
- Fractures and broken bones: Severe fractures often require surgical intervention to ensure proper healing and function.
- Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD): A spinal condition that can cause pain, weakness, and even paralysis, often requiring surgery for severe cases.
- Elbow or shoulder dysplasia: Developmental abnormalities in the joints that can lead to chronic pain and arthritis.
Signs Your Pet May Need Orthopedic Surgery
If your pet is struggling with mobility issues, it’s essential to pay attention to the following signs that may indicate the need for surgical evaluation:
- Limping or lameness: If your pet is favoring one leg, avoiding putting weight on it, or limping consistently, this could indicate a serious joint or ligament problem.
- Difficulty standing or sitting: Pets that take longer to stand up, struggle to sit down, or appear stiff may have joint pain or arthritis.
- Reduced activity levels: If your normally active pet avoids running, jumping, or playing, it could be due to pain or discomfort.
- Swelling or heat around joints: Inflammation in the joints can be a sign of injury, infection, or arthritis.
- Visible deformities or changes in posture: If your pet’s leg appears misshapen, or they stand or walk differently, this may be a sign of a bone or joint issue.
- Crying or whining when moving: Vocalization during movement is a clear sign that your pet is experiencing pain.
- Muscle loss in the affected limb: Chronic orthopedic issues can lead to muscle wasting due to decreased use of the limb.
How Veterinarians Determine If Surgery Is Necessary
Not every orthopedic issue requires surgery, and many conditions can be managed with medication, physical therapy, or lifestyle changes. When evaluating your pet, a veterinarian will typically:
- Perform a physical examination: Assessing range of motion, joint stability, and signs of pain.
- Use imaging techniques: X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs help determine the severity of the condition.
- Conduct mobility tests: Observing how your pet walks, runs, and bears weight on affected limbs.
- Recommend conservative management first: In some cases, weight management, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy can help avoid surgery.
- Assess long-term impact: If non-surgical options do not improve the condition, surgery may be the best solution to restore function and prevent further complications.
What to Expect If Your Pet Needs Surgery
If surgery is recommended, knowing what to expect can help you prepare for the process:
- Pre-surgical evaluation: Bloodwork and additional tests may be needed to ensure your pet is healthy enough for anesthesia and surgery.
- Surgical procedure: Depending on the condition, the surgery may involve repairing ligaments, correcting joint alignment, or stabilizing fractures.
- Recovery period: Pets typically require several weeks to months of restricted activity, with gradual rehabilitation to regain strength and mobility.
- Post-operative care: Pain management, physical therapy, and follow-up visits are essential for a successful recovery.
Helping Your Pet Recover After Orthopedic Surgery
Proper care after surgery plays a crucial role in your pet’s healing. Follow these guidelines to support their recovery:
- Limit movement: Keep your pet in a controlled environment to prevent excessive movement that could affect healing.
- Use prescribed pain medications: Follow the vet’s recommendations to keep your pet comfortable.
- Encourage gentle rehabilitation: Controlled exercise and physical therapy can help rebuild strength and flexibility.
- Maintain a healthy weight: Excess weight puts additional strain on healing joints and bones.
- Monitor for complications: Watch for signs of infection, swelling, or discomfort and contact your vet if anything seems off.
Orthopedic surgery can be a life-changing option for pets struggling with severe joint and bone issues. If you notice signs of pain or mobility problems in your pet, consult with the team at Renfrew Animal Hospital. We are here to provide expert evaluations and personalized treatment plans to ensure your pet has the best quality of life possible.
